I had a problem with the Edge browser only a day after doing a clean install of Windows 10. When I tried to open it it would open, sit on the screen with the big blue background and the “e” logo, and then disappear about 4 second later. I was able to fix it by following the below steps:

First delete the Edge folder. The path:
C:\Users\%username%\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge_8wekyb3d8bbwe

Then Launch Powershell as and run the following command:
Get-AppXPackage -Name Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge | Foreach {Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)\AppXManifest.xml" -Verbose}

Hit enter and once the command is executed try opening Edge again.

For me it worked without having to restart, but the place where I found these instructions suggested restarting a couple of times. Here is original article I found.

Also, I ran the command without the -AllUsers parameter, not sure if that was why I didn’t have to restart.

Hope that helps someone!